Standard comic book conventionn started with the use of speech balloons in comic strips. This was first introduced by Richard Outcault in 1985. However, speech balloons evolved to phylacters. They are labels which are mostly in the form of a scroll. This was used on naming characters and for short texts explaining the character’s purpose. George Cruikshank codified the phylacters as balloons. However, they now represent narratives and not dialogues unlike the speech balloons.
Richard Topffer was the key figure in creating sequentially illustrated stories and gave birth to graphic novel. Texts were compartmentalized below the illustrations and images.
Comics as an art combine words and images harmoniously through the use of text, symbolism, ambiguity, design, and different literary techniques. Comic books have been presented from short panel cartoons to lengthy graphic novels. Originally containing satirical and humorous stories, comics available today now contain other genres to suit the preferences of more people.